Heru
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“In North America oral histories note the use of knocking and kicking being used by maroons for self-defense. This account is not surprising since knocking and kicking was practiced by the Gullahs, who formed the numerous maroon groups that fought in the series of Gullah wars up to 1858. Similarly, knocking and kicking was deeply rooted in the…
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In this discussion, Dr. Souleymane Bachir Diagne advocates for multiple Pan-African languages. While he includes the colonial languages along with Swahili in his formulation, he also suggests Manding and Fula.
His recommendation of Manding is a logical one. These are sometimes called the “clear languages of the Sahara” and possess a high degree…
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Ganni ya fi ji.
“Seeing is better than hearing.”
-Hausa proverb
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“An expedition against one maroon group in a swamp on the Savannah River in 1765 encountered a lookout post set up on a scaffold, on which one black was ‘hoisting Colours’ and another was ‘Beating a Drum’ to warn the members of the community—who escaped before the expedition could reach them. John Thornton found that during the 1739 Stono…
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