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“As in other areas of the Americas, maroon settlements in North America often drew on African military traditions in developing the defense of their communities. Although written documentation about the inner workings is scarce, sources clearly indicate that fighting was crucial to maroon survival and that African legacies undoubtedly informed maroon combat practice. An escaped bondsman named Jacob was presumably drawing on an African combat legacy when he defended himself with “sharp pointed darts of a sufficient length and size to kill a man at great distance” in order to escape capture by six whites.”

-T.J. Desch Obi, Fighting for Honor: The History of African Martial Art in the Atlantic World