17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
**Pan-Africanism:
A Comprehensive Overview**
I also did a Deepseek AI search on Pan-Africanism and this is what I got back:

What is Pan-Africanism?
**Definition**
Pan-Africanism is a global movement advocating for the unity, solidarity, and empowerment of African peoples and those of African descent worldwide. It emphasizes for a collective African identity, resistance to oppression, and collaboration to achieve political, economic, and cultural progress for African people and those of African descendants worldwide.

**Historical Context**
Emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Pan-Africanism arose as a response to colonialism, slavery, and racial discrimination. It sought to counter the fragmentation of African societies and the diaspora’s marginalization.

**Key Figures**
– **W.E.B. Du Bois**:
Intellectual pioneer who organized early Pan-African Congresses.
– **Marcus Garvey**:
Founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), promoting “Back-to-Africa”,
Black Unity and Black Pride.
– **Kwame Nkrumah**:
Ghana’s first president, instrumental in decolonization and advocating a “United States of Africa.”
– **Leopold Senghor & Aimé Césaire**:
Leaders of the Negritude movement, celebrating African cultural identity.
– **George Padmore**:
Strategist linking Pan-Africanism to anti-colonial struggles.

**Major Congresses**
– **1919 (Paris)**:
First Pan-African Congress, demanding rights for colonized Africans.
– **1945 (Manchester)**:
Fifth Congress, pivotal in post-WWII decolonization, attended by Nkrumah and Jomo Kenyatta.

**Decolonization & Political Unity**
Post-1945, Pan-Africanism fueled independence movements.
The 1963 formation of the **Organization of African Unity (OAU)**, later the **African Union (AU)** in 2002, institutionalized cooperation, though political unification remained elusive.

**Modern Developments**
– **Economic Integration**:
Initiatives like the **African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA, 2018)** aim to boost intra-African trade.
– **Diaspora Engagement**:
Continued advocacy against racism and for reparations for slavery of African people and the colonization of the African Continent.

**Challenges**
– **Political Fragmentation**:
National interests often overshadow continental unity.
– **Economic Disparities**:
Inequality among African nations hinders collective action.
– **Neocolonialism**:
External exploitation and debt remain pressing issues for African nations.

**Criticism & Debates**
Some critique Pan-Africanism as overly idealistic, while others argue for pragmatic approaches focusing on incremental cooperation rather than full political union.

**Conclusion**
Pan-Africanism remains a dynamic force, evolving from anti-colonial resistance to addressing modern challenges like neocolonialism, globalization and systemic racism. Its legacy endures in cultural pride, institutional frameworks like the AU, and ongoing struggles for equity and self-determination for African people worldwide.

17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
**Pan-Africanism: Why Did Pan-Africanism Fail?**
I also did a Deepseek AI search on Pan-Africanism and this is what I got back:

**Why did Pan-Africanism fail?**
The question of whether Pan-Africanism “failed” is complex and debated. While the Pan-African movement has achieved significant milestones, it has struggled to fully realize its loftiest ambitions, such as continental political unity or complete liberation from colonial and neocolonial influence. Below are key reasons often cited for Pan-Africanism limitations or unrealized aspirations:
—
**1. Political Fragmentation**
– **Nationalism Over Unity**:
Post-independence, many African leaders prioritized *national sovereignty* over continental unity. For example, Kwame Nkrumah’s vision of a “United States of Africa” clashed with leaders like Senegal’s Léopold Senghor, who favored gradual regional cooperation.
– **Cold War Divisions**:
African nations became entangled in Cold War rivalries, aligning with either the U.S. or Soviet Union, which fractured African solidarity.
—
** 2. Economic Challenges**
– **Dependency on Colonial Structures**: Newly independent African states inherited economies tied to their former colonial powers, making self-sufficiency and self-determination difficult.
– **Neocolonial Exploitation**:
Multinational corporations and foreign powers continue to exploit and extract wealth and resources, undermining Pan-African economic autonomy. Initiatives like the **African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)** aim to address this, but the progress has been slow.
—
**3. Ideological Differences**
– **Divergent Visions**:
Pan-Africanism encompasses a spectrum of ideologies—from socialism (e.g., Thomas Sankara) to capitalist-leaning models (e.g., Kenya’s Jomo Kenyatta). These differences hindered cohesive policy-making.
– **Elite vs. Grassroots Disconnect**:
Some leaders adopted Pan-African rhetoric while maintaining authoritarian or corrupt regimes, alienating the ordinary African citizens.
—
**4. External Interference**
– **Foreign Intervention**:
Western powers and institutions (e.g., IMF, World Bank) imposed structural adjustment programs in the 1980s till today, weakening African economies and sovereignty.
– **Assassinations/Coups**:
Progressive Pan-African leaders like Patrice Lumumba (Congo) and Thomas Sankara (Burkina Faso) were overthrown and killed, often with foreign involvement, e.g., the CIA of the United States.
—
**5. Cultural and Ethnic Diversity**
– **Linguistic/Regional Divides**:
Africa’s vast diversity (2,500+ languages, over 3,000+ ethnic groups, and multiple religions and spiritual practices) made continent-wide unity challenging. Regional blocs (e.g., ECOWAS, SADC) have been more effective than continental wide efforts.
—
**6. Leadership Rivalries**
– **Personality Clashes**:
Egos and competition among leaders (e.g., Nkrumah vs. Nigeria’s Nnamdi Azikiwe) stymied collaboration.
– **Legacy of Colonial Borders**: Arbitrary colonial boundaries created multi-ethnic states prone to internal conflict (e.g., Nigeria’s civil war, Congo civi wars, Rwandan genocide).
—
**7. Shifting Priorities in the Diaspora**
– **Diaspora Focus on Local Struggles**: While figures like Malcolm X and Stokely Carmichael linked Black liberation globally, many diaspora communities prioritized local civil rights or anti-racism battles (e.g., U.S., Caribbean).
—
**8. Institutional Weaknesses**
– **OAU’s Limitations**:
The Organization of African Unity (1963–2002) prioritized sovereignty over intervention, allowing crises like the Rwandan genocide and Congo civi wars to unfold. The African Union (AU), established in 2002, has greater authority but remains underfunded and politically constrained.
—
**Successes Amidst Challenges**
While Pan-Africanism has not achieved its most ambitious goals, it has **succeeded** in:
– Inspiring decolonization and anti-apartheid movements.
– Creating frameworks for cooperation (e.g., AU, AfCFTA).
– Fostering cultural and African pride (e.g., Black Arts Movement, Afrobeats).
– Mobilizing global solidarity (e.g., Black Lives Matter, #EndSARS).
—
**Conclusion: A Work in Progress**
Pan-Africanism is not a “failure” but an evolving project. Its limitations reflect the immense challenges of unifying a diverse continent, a diverse people, and a diaspora amid global inequality and injustices. Critics argue Pan-Africanism must adapt to address modern issues like climate justice, digital colonialism, and youth-led movements. As scholar Achille Mbembe notes: *”Pan-Africanism is not dead—it is being reimagined.”
The struggle continues, shaped by new generations, new thinkers and a changing global dynamics.

17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
**Pan-Africanism: What Key Ideas and Systems Does Pan-Africanism Oppose**

I also did a Deepseek AI search on Pan-Africanism and this is what I got back:

**What key ideas and systems does pan-Africanism oppose?**
Pan-Africanism emerged as a counter-ideology to several colonial oppressive systems and ideas that dehumanized Africans and people of African descent.
Below are the **key ideas and systems that Pan-Africanism opposed**:
—
**1. Colonialism & Imperialism**
Pan-Africanism rejected *European colonization of Africa* and the exploitation of African resources, wealth, labor, and sovereignty. It opposed the idea that European colonial powers had a “right” to dominate African nations, as justified by racist doctrines like the “civilization mission” or the *Scramble for Africa*.
– **Examples**:
Resistance to British, French, Belgian, Portuguese and German colonial rule.
– **Key Actions**:
Advocacy for independence (e.g., Ghana’s 1957 liberation) and support for anti-colonial movements across Africa.
—
**2. Racial Hierarchies & White Supremacy**
Pan-Africanism opposed *scientific racism* and pseudoscientific theories (e.g., Social Darwinism) that positioned Black people as inferior and backwards. It rejected systems built on racial oppression, including:
– **Transatlantic slavery** and its legacies.
– **Segregation** (e.g., Jim Crow in the U.S., apartheid in South Africa).
– **Global anti-Black racism**, such as discrimination in education, employment, and politics, etc.
—
**3. Neocolonialism**
After formal independence, Pan-Africanists criticized *neocolonialism*—the continued economic, political, and cultural dominance and exploitation by former colonial powers and new global powers in Africa.
This included:
– **Economic exploitation**
by multinational corporations.
– **Debt dependency**
enforced by institutions like the IMF and World Bank.
– **Puppet regimes**
propped up by foreign powers (e.g., the assassination of Patrice Lumumba in Congo and Thomas Sankara in Burkina Faso).
—
**4. Fragmentation of Africa**
Pan-Africanism opposed the *artificial borders* imposed by European colonizers at the 1884–85 Berlin Conference, which divided ethnic groups and fueled ethnic conflicts. The movement sought to replace these divisions and borders with *continental unity* (e.g., Ghana’s president, Kwame Nkrumah called for a “United States of Africa”).
—
**5. Cultural Erasure & Assimilation**
It resisted the *erasure of African identity and African culture* through:
– **Cultural imperialism**: Forced adoption of European languages, religions (e.g., missionary campaigns), and education systems.
– **Stereotypes** of Africa as “backward” “inferior” or “uncivilized.”
– **Movements like Negritude**
(Aimé Césaire, Léopold Senghor) and the
**Harlem Renaissance**
to reclaim African cultural identity and African pride.
—
**6. Capitalism’s Exploitative Practices**
Some Pan-Africanists, like *Thomas Sankara* and *Julius Nyerere*, opposed *global capitalism* for perpetuating poverty and inequality in Africa. They advocated for socialist models prioritizing collective welfare over foreign profit.
—
**7. Tribalism & Ethnic Division**
Pan-Africanism rejected the *colonial powers tactic of “divide and rule,”* which exacerbated ethnic tensions and ethnic conflicts to weaken resistance. This promotes African solidarity across ethnic, regional and border lines (e.g., “Ubuntu” philosophy in Southern Africa).
—
**8. Global White Supremacy Structures**
The movement challenged systems that normalized white dominance globally, including:
– **Western hegemony**
in international institutions (e.g., UN Security Council).
– **Racist ideologies**
justifying interventions in Africa (e.g., “humanitarian” wars, “the white savior complex”)
—
**Key Quotes Highlighting Opposition**
– **Kwame Nkrumah**:
*”Neocolonialism is the worst form of imperialism. For those who practice it, it means power without responsibility and for those who suffer from it, it means exploitation without redress.”*
– **Frantz Fanon**:
*” Imperialism leaves behind germs of rot which we must clinically detect and remove from our land but from our minds as well.“*
—
**Legacy of Resistance**
While Pan-Africanism did not eliminate these key systems and ideas entirely, it laid the foundation and groundwork for:
– Decolonization across Africa and the Caribbean.
– Global anti-racist and anti-colonial movements across the African world (e.g., Black Power Movement, Civil Rights Movement, Black Lives Matter).
– Institutions like the African Union and AfCFTA to counter economic fragmentation.

Pan-Africanism’s opposition to these key ideas and systems remains a central theme to the ongoing fight and struggles for justice, reparations, and equitable global power structures for African people and those of African descents worldwide.

17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
**Pan-Africanism: What Opposing Key Ideologies and Systems Contributed To Broader Goals And Success Of Pan-Africanism.**

I also did a Deepseek AI search on Pan-Africanism and this is what I got back:

**What opposing key ideas and systems contributed to the broader goals, aspirations and success of pan-Africanism?**

Pan-Africanism as a movement is the global African response to the white supremacy system and ideologies against African people and those of African descents.

Pan-Africanism arose as a direct challenge to ideologies, systems, and practices that oppressed African peoples and those of African descent globally.

Below are the *core ideas and systems it opposed*, along with examples of how the movement resisted them:
—

**1. Colonialism and Imperialism**
Pan-Africanism rejected the *Colonization of Africa* and the racist notion that Europeans had a “right” to dominate African lands and African peoples.
Pan-Africanism opposed:
– **The “Civilization Mission”**:
The myth that Europeans were “civilizing” Africans through colonial rule.
– **Exploitation of Resources**:
Extraction of African labor, minerals, agricultural wealth, and lands (e.g., Belgian atrocities in the Congo, British rubber plantations).
– **Political Domination**:
Denial of self-determination, self-rule, and sovereignty (e.g., apartheid in South Africa, British occupation in Kenya).

**Key Response**:
Mobilization for independence movements across Africa (e.g., Ghana’s 1957 liberation under Kwame Nkrumah).
—

**2. White Supremacy and White Hegemony Racial Hierarchies**
The Pan-African movement fought against *scientific racism* and pseudoscientific theories (e.g., Social Darwinism) that positioned Black people as “backwards”, “uncivilized” and “inferior”.
Pan-Africanism opposed:
– **Transatlantic Slavery**:
The legacy of enslavement and dehumanization of African people and those of African descent.
– **Segregation and Apartheid**:
Jim Crow laws in the U.S., apartheid in South Africa.
– **Global Anti-Blackness**:
Systemic racism and oppression in education, employment, and politics against African people and those of African descent.

**Key Response**:
Marcus Garvey’s “Black Pride” and “Black Unity” campaigns and W.E.B. Du Bois’s advocacy for racial equality for people of African descent.
—

**3. Neocolonialism**
After independence, Pan-Africanists condemned *neocolonialism*—the continued economic and political control and exploitation of Africa and African people by foreign powers.
This included:
– **Economic Exploitation**:
Multinational corporations draining resources (e.g., oil in Nigeria, diamonds in Sierra Leone, cobalt and copper in Congo).
– **Debt Traps**:
Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) imposed by the IMF/World Bank.
– **Foreign-Installed Puppet Regimes**: Leaders like Patrice Lumumba (Congo) and Thomas Sankara (Burkina Faso) were overthrown and killed with Western backing, e.g., CIA of the United States.

**Key Response**:
Thomas Sankara’s socialist reforms in Burkina Faso calling for economic self-reliance.
—

**4. Cultural Erasure and Assimilation**
Pan-Africanism resisted efforts to erase African identity and African culture through:
– **Cultural Imperialism**:
Forced adoption of European languages, religions (e.g., missionary schools), and education systems.
– **Stereotypes of African “Backwardness”**: Colonial propaganda depicting Africa as “backwards” and “uncivilized”.

**Key Response**:
The *Negritude Movement*
(Aimé Césaire, Léopold Senghor) and the *Harlem Renaissance* celebrated African heritage and creativity.
African arts, African music (Afrobeats), African clothing, and African pride among younger generations of African people.
—

**5. Artificial Borders and Ethnic Division**
The Pan-African movement opposed the *Berlin Conference (1884–85) borders* that fragmented Africa, dividing ethnic groups and sparking ethnic conflicts (e.g., Nigeria’s Biafra War, Rwanda genocide).

**Key Response**:
Advocacy for continental unity (e.g., the African Union) over colonial divisions.
—

**6. Capitalism’s Exploitative Systems**
Radical Pan-Africanists rejected *global capitalism* for perpetuating poverty and inequality. They argued that capitalist structures:
– Favored foreign profit over local development.
– Reinforced dependency on former colonizers.

**Key Response**:
Julius Nyerere’s *Ujamaa* advocates for socialism in Tanzania and Kwame Nkrumah’s calls for African socialism.
—

**7. Tribalism and “Divide and Rule” Tactics**
Pan-Africanism opposed the colonial strategy of pitting ethnic groups against each other to weaken resistance (e.g., Hutu vs. Tutsi in Rwanda, Biafra War in Nigeria, Congo Wars)

**Key Response**: Promoting African unity through indigenous African philosophies like *Ubuntu* (“I am because we are”) and transnational and trans-border solidarity.
—

**8. Western Hegemony in Global Institutions**
The movement challenged the dominance of Western powers in organizations like the UN, in the UN Security Council, which marginalized African voices.

**Key Response**: Demands for reparations for slavery and colonization, debt cancellation, and equitable global trade policies for African nations.
—

**Legacy of Resistance**
While Pan-Africanism did not fully dismantle these systems, its opposition laid the foundations and groundwork for:
– **Decolonization**:
Over 30 African nations gained independence by 1966.
– **Cultural Revival**:
Global appreciation of African art, music (e.g., Afrobeats), and literature.
– **Modern Movements**:
Black Lives Matter, #EndSARS, and campaigns for reparations for slavery and colonization of Africa and African people.

**Key Quote**:
*“The total liberation and unification of Africa under an All-African Socialist Government must be the primary objective of all Black revolutionaries throughout the world.”*
— Kwame Nkrumah, *Handbook of Revolutionary Warfare* (1968).
—


In essence, Pan-Africanism opposed *any system and ideology that denied African sovereignty, agency, dignity, pride or unity.*
Pan-Africanism is a struggle that continues today in the fights against white supremacy, white hegemony, racial injustice, racial inequality, systemic racism, climate injustice, digital and technological colonialism, for African people and people of African descents, worldwide.

17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
I don’t agree with the USA Diaspora person living in Ghana. I agree with your Bolt driver. He knows what he is talking about.
The USA diaspora person, whether he or she, has a white imperialist colonial mindset who believes that, “Africans are naturally thieves, that Africans are naturally corrupt.”
I have heard this racist propaganda rhetoric since I was a child, that “Black people/African people are naturally corrupt. It doesn’t matter how fair, honest and good you treat Black people, their corrupt nature will always take over them.”
And I mostly hear this type of racist nonsense talk from other Black people, not white people, but it is always from Black people. And that USA diaspora person just proved that point.
If you pay me the right amount that I am worth for a work and I am able to take care of myself and my family and I’m also able to save some money for the future, believe me most Ghanaians would not be stealing and/ or trying to get over the next Ghanaian. And they would definitely have no desire to leave Ghana to go and live in the United States, Canada or Europe. If I am living comfortably In Ghana and my financial situation in life is comfortable and set, believe me I would not do anything to mess that up. Of course there are people out here, no matter how much money they have and how comfortable financially they are, they will always try to get over the next person. But majority of people who are living financially comfortably are not stealing and are not corrupt. They are doing everything they can to make sure they pass on their financial security and their financial independence to their children and their children children. And this goes also to the people of Ghana.
That USA diaspora is a coon, an Uncle Tom, a coconut, an Oreo, someone who is Black on the outside but inside, it is nothing but white, nothing but white supremacist racist ideas running all around his body, not just his brains, but his body. These are the types of USA diaspora that don’t last long In Ghana, and not just in Ghana, Africa, as a whole.

17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
Thank you for the thoughtful dialogue also.
There is no job market in Ghana. The job market in Ghana is very dismal, practically non-existence in Ghana. So the youths of Ghana are going to do whatever they can to survive.
If you ask a youth, “why do you want to leave Ghana”, without hesitation, their number one response will be, “to work, to find a job to provide for my family.”
But,
You right, time is our best teacher.

17,914 Abibisika (Black Gold) Points

Rank: Unranked Newbie

@Corwin_Ababio
Yes, Mr. Calvin Daniels is doing big things in Ghana.
But the problem In Ghana is that the youth believe, farming is a poor man’s job. In Ghana, people believe a person has “made it in life”, if he is wearing a 3 piece suit (as hot as it In Ghana) and working in an air conditioned office building. When you are working in air conditioned office wearing a suit is when Ghanaian will come and big you up and congratulate you and start calling you “Big Man” “Big Boss”. This is the life career choice of most Ghanaians. But Farming, not so much. Farming is perceived as a poor man’s job In Ghana. Because you have to get dirty. You have to put your hands in the dirt, to get your “daily bread”. And most Ghanaians don’t want that. Farming does not look glamorous. You can’t wear your 3-piece suit to the farm. For the modern Ghanaian youth now, your outward appearance is everything. You have to fake it like you are making it. So wearing a 3-piece suit and saying you work in an air conditioned office building is at the top of most Ghanaians job opportunity outlook.
Hopefully with Mr. Calvin Daniels great and incredible farming business, it will credit the opportunities for more Ghana youths to go open their options into farming as a career choice. Farming is a lucrative career path and a lucrative industry if you have the right mentorship and apprenticeship to guide you on how to make farming work for you to become a multi-millionaire in Ghana as a farmer. Mr. Daniels is doing some exceptional work In Ghana, and hopefully he will continue to teach and guide the Ghana youths that there is great money to be made in farming and as a farmer in Ghana.